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发表于 2014-09-19 22:10
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某建设项目有A、B两个投资方案,基准收益率ic=10%,其现金流量(投资与效益)见下表-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë现金流量表-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë年-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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(P/F,10%,n)-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 方案A-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 方案B-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 投资与-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| -2 500-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| 2-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 0.8264-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -1 500-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| -2 300-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| 3-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 0.7513-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 850-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
| -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
| 1 500-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| 4-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 0.6830-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 850-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| 1 500-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| 5-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 0.6209-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 850-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| 1 500-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| 6-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 0.5645-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 850-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| 1 500-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| 7-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 0.5132-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 850-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| 1 500-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| 8-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 0.4665-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 850-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| 1 500-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| 9-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 0.4241-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | 850-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| 1 500-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë | -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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| -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë参考系数:-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë[P/A,20%,2]=1.5278-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë [P/A,25%,2]=1.4400-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë [P/A,20%,1]=0.8333-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë[P/A,30%,2]=1.3609-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë [P/A,25%,2]=1.2894-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë [P/A,25%,1]=0.8000-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë[P/A,20%,7]=3.6046-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë [P/A,20%,2]=3.1611-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë [P/A,10%,7]=4.8683-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë[P/A,30%,7]=2.8021-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë [P/A,20%,2]=2.5075-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë[P/A,20%,2]=0.6944-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë [P/A,20%,2]=0.6400-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë[P/A,30%,2]=0.5917-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë [P/A,20%,2]=0.5487-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë[问题]-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë试分别应用如下两种方法,对A、B两方案进行评价和优选。-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë1、净现值法;2、内部收益率法。-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë[参考答案]-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë1、净现值法:-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ëNPVA=-1200[P/F,10%,1]-1500[P/F,10%,2]+850[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë =-1200×0.9091-1500×0.8264+850×4.8683×0.8264-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë =1089.17(万元)-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ëNPVB=-2500[P/F,10%,1]-2300[P/F,10%,2]+1500[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë =-2500×0.9091-2300×0.8264+1500×4.8683×0.8264-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë =1861.27(万元)-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë两方案的净现值均大于0,作为单方案在经济上都是可行的。-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë但A、B方案相比, NPVB > NPVA,表明B方案的经济效果更好,因此应采用B 方案。-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë2、内部收益率法:-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë根据内部收益率的定义,令NPV=0,求IRR。-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë⑴.求A方案的IRR:-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ëNPVA=-1200[P/F,IRRA,1]-1500[P/F,IRRA,2]+850[P/A,IRRA,7][P/F,IRRA,2] -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë①用试算法计算-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë假设IRRA=20%:-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ëNPVA=-1200[P/F,20%,1]-1500[P/F,20%,2]+850[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë =86.027(万元)-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë假设IRRA=25%:-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ëNPVA=-1200[P/F,25%,1]-1500[P/F,25%,2]+850[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë =-200.36(万元)-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë②用插值法求IRRA-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë IRRA=20%+86.02/(86.02+200.36)×(25%-20%)=21.5%-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë⑵.求B方案的IRR:-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ëNPVB=-2500[P/F,IRRB,1]-2300[P/F,IRRB,2]+1500[P/A,IRRB,7][P/F,IRRB,2]-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë①用试算法计算-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë假设IRRB=20%-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ëNPVB=-2500[P/F,20%,1]-2300[P/F,20%,2]+1500[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë =74.18(万元)-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë假设IRRB=25%-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ëNPVB=-2500[P/F,25%,1]-2300[P/F,25%,2]+1500[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë =-437.34(万元) -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë②用插值法求IRRB-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë IRRB=20%+74.18/(74.18+437.34)×(25%-20%)=20.7%-Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë因为A、B两方案内部收益率均大于基准收益率ic=10%,说明两个方案作为单方案在经济上是可行的。但两方案相比IRRA > IRRB ,故采用A方案优。 -Ü"0ÒÎÇÄ´.bbs.3c3t.comx[.ËDþ»ë
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