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公路监理师工程经济投资方案比选(净现值)计算 [复制链接]

1#
某建设项目有A、B两个投资方案,基准收益率ic=10%,其现金流量(投资与效益)见下表Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

现金流量表Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

折现系数Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

(P/F,10%,nÃá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

方案AÃá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

方案BÃá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

投资与Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

利益Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

净现值Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

累计净现Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

投资与利Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

净现值Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

累计净现Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

1Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

0.9091Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

-1 200Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

-2 500Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

2Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

0.8264Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

-1 500Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

-2 300Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

3Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

0.7513Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

850Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

1 500Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

4Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

0.6830Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

850Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

1 500Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

5Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

0.6209Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

850Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

1 500Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

6Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

0.5645Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

850Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

1 500Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

7Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

0.5132Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

850Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

1 500Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

8Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

0.4665Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

850Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

1 500Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

9Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

0.4241Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

850Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

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Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

1 500Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè

参考系数:Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[P/A,20%,2]=1.5278Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[P/A,25%,2]=1.4400Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[P/A,20%,1]=0.8333
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[P/A,30%,2]=1.3609Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[P/A,25%,2]=1.2894Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[P/A,25%,1]=0.8000
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[P/A,20%,7]=3.6046Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[P/A,20%,2]=3.1611Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[P/A,10%,7]=4.8683
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[P/A,30%,7]=2.8021Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[P/A,20%,2]=2.5075
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[P/A,20%,2]=0.6944Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[P/A,20%,2]=0.6400
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[P/A,30%,2]=0.5917Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[P/A,20%,2]=0.5487
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[问题]Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
试分别应用如下两种方法,对A、B两方案进行评价和优选。Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
1、净现值法;2、内部收益率法。Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
[参考答案]Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
1、净现值法:Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
NPVA=-1200[P/F,10%,1]-1500[P/F,10%,2]+850[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
=-1200×0.9091-1500×0.8264+850×4.8683×0.8264Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
=1089.17(万元)Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
NPVB-2500[P/F,10%,1]-2300[P/F,10%,2]+1500[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
=-2500×0.9091-2300×0.8264+1500×4.8683×0.8264Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
=1861.27(万元)Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
两方案的净现值均大于0,作为单方案在经济上都是可行的。Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
但A、B方案相比, NPVB > NPVA,表明B方案的经济效果更好,因此应采用B 方案。Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
2、内部收益率法:Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
根据内部收益率的定义,令NPV=0,求IRR。Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
⑴.求A方案的IRR:Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
NPVA-1200[P/F,IRRA,1]-1500[P/F,IRRA,2]+850[P/A,IRRA,7][P/F,IRRA,2] Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
①用试算法计算Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
假设IRRA=20%:Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
NPVA=-1200[P/F,20%,1]-1500[P/F,20%,2]+850[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
=86.027(万元)Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
假设IRRA=25%:Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
NPVA=-1200[P/F,25%,1]-1500[P/F,25%,2]+850[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
=-200.36(万元)Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
②用插值法求IRRAÃá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
IRRA
=20%+86.02/(86.02+200.36)×(25%-20%)=21.5%Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
⑵.求B方案的IRR:Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
NPVB=-2500[P/F,IRRB,1]-2300[P/F,IRRB,2]+1500[P/A,IRRB,7][P/F,IRRB,2]Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
①用试算法计算Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
假设IRRB=20%Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
NPVB=-2500[P/F,20%,1]-2300[P/F,20%,2]+1500[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
=74.18(万元)Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
假设IRRB=25%Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
NPVB=-2500[P/F,25%,1]-2300[P/F,25%,2]+1500[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
=-437.34(万元) Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
②用插值法求IRRBÃá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
IRRB
=20%+74.18/(74.18+437.34)×(25%-20%)=20.7%Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
因为A、B两方案内部收益率均大于基准收益率ic=10%,说明两个方案作为单方案在经济上是可行的。但两方案相比IRRA > IRRB ,故采用A方案优。 Ãá‰W£‘Ú›Þbbs.3c3t.com/ϼÿ6Ùè
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