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四川瞭望加氢工艺安全联锁系统 [复制链接]

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四川瞭望加氢工艺安全联锁系统Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
重点监控单元Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
加氢反应釜、氢气压缩机Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
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工艺简介Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
加氢是在有机化合物分子中加入氢原子的反应,涉及加氢反应的工艺过程为加氢工艺,主要包括不饱和键加氢、芳环化合物加氢、含氮化合物加氢、含氧化合物加氢、氢解等。Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°

工艺危险特点Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°

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(1)反应物料具有燃爆危险性,氢气的爆炸极限为4%—75%,具有高燃爆危险特性;Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°

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(2)加氢为强烈的放热反应,氢气在高温高压下与钢材接触,钢材内的碳分子易与氢气发生反应生成碳氢化合物,使钢制设备强度降低,发生氢脆;Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°

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(3)催化剂再生和活化过程中易引发爆炸;Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°

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(4)加氢反应尾气中有未完全反应的氢气和其他杂质在排放时易引发着火或爆炸。Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
典型工艺Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
(1)不饱和炔烃、烯烃的三键和双键加氢Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
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环戊二烯加氢生产环戊烯等。Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
(2)芳烃加氢Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
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苯加氢生成环己烷;Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
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苯酚加氢生产环己醇等。Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
(3)含氧化合物加氢Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
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一氧化碳加氢生产甲醇;Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
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丁醛加氢生产丁醇;Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
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辛烯醛加氢生产辛醇等。Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
(4)含氮化合物加氢Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
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己二腈加氢生产己二胺;Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
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硝基苯催化加氢生产苯胺等。Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
(5)油品加氢Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°

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馏分油加氢裂化生产石脑油、柴油和尾油;Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°

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渣油加氢改质;Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°

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减压馏分油加氢改质;Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°

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催化(异构)脱蜡生产低凝柴油、润滑油基础油等。Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
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重点监控工艺参数Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
加氢反应釜或催化剂床层温度、压力;加氢反应釜内搅拌速率;氢气流量;反应物质的配料比;系统氧含量;冷却水流量;氢气压缩机运行参数、加氢反应尾气组成等。Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
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安全控制的基本要求Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
温度和压力的报警和联锁;反应物料的比例控制和联锁系统;紧急冷却系统;搅拌的稳定控制系统;氢气紧急切断系统;加装安全阀、爆破片等安全设施;循环氢压缩机停机报警和联锁;氢气检测报警装置等。Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
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宜采用的控制方式Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
将加氢反应釜内温度、压力与釜内搅拌电流、氢气流量、加氢反应釜夹套冷却水进水阀形成联锁关系,设立紧急停车系统。加入急冷氮气或氢气的系统。当加氢反应釜内温度或压力超标或搅拌系统发生故障时自动停止加氢,泄压,并进入紧急状态。安全泄放系统。Z­Ód‘Ï8bbs.3c3t.com3sÿ%$í°
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