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[资料] 轻型井点降水施工方案 [复制链接]

1#
1、工程简介/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
着中重说明基础工程中的地质概况、地下水概况以及与降水有关的情况,即为什么要降水?/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
2、降水方式方法及采取的措施/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
现场井点布置,采用的设备型号,技术参数等。/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
3、降水工作中应注意的事项/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
在降水施工过程中,技术、质量、安全、环保应注意的事项/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
4、计算书(附后)/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
本节主要讨论轻型井点降水有关计算/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
轻型井点降水计算/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
一、 总涌水量计算/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
1.基坑总涌水量Q(m3/d),即环形井点系统用水量,常按无压完整井井群,/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
用下式计算公式: /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
     /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
(2H―s)s               /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
Q=1.366K                     /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
lgR―lgx0                                  /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
2.单井井点涌水量q(m3/d)常按无压完整井,按下计算公式:/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
               (2H―s)s/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
q=1.366K/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
                         lgR―lgr/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
式中:K—土的渗透系数(m/d);/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
H—含水层厚度(m);/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
s—水的降低值(m);/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
R—抽水影响半径(m),由现场抽水试验确定,也可用下式计算:R=1.95 s√H• K/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
r—井点的半径(m);/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
x0—基坑的假想半径(m,当矩形基坑长宽比小于5时,可化成假想半径x0的圆形井,按下式计算:x0=√F/π/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
F—基坑井点管所包围的平面面积(m2);/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
π—圆周率,取3.1416;/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
二、井点管需要根数/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
井点管需要根数n可按下式计算:/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
       Q/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
n=m       /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
q/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
式中 q=65π•d•l 3√  K/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
式中:/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
n—井点管根数;/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
m—考虑堵塞等因素的井点备用系数,一般取m=1.1;/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
     q—单根井点管的出水量(m3/d);/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
d—滤管直径(m);/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
l—滤管长度(m);/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
三、井点管平均间距/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
井点管平均间距D(m),可按下式计算:/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
        2(L+B)/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
D=              /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
n-1/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
求出的D应大于15d,并应符合总管接头的间距(一般为80、120、160mm)要求。/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
式中:L—矩形井点系统的长度(m);/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
      B—矩形井点系统的宽度(m);/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
四、例题/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
某工程基坑平面尺寸见图,基坑宽10m,长19m,深4.1m,挖土边坡1:0.5。地下水位-0.6m。根据地质勘察资料,该处地面下0.7m,为杂填土,此层下面有6.6m的细砂层,土的渗透系数K=5m/d,再往下为不透水的粘土层。现采用轻型井点设备进行人工降低地下水位,机械开挖土方,试对该轻型井点系统进行计算。/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
解:(1)井点系统布置/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
该基坑顶部平面尺寸为14m×23m,布置环状井点,井点管离边坡为0.8m。要求降水深度s=4.10-0.6+0.5=4.0m,因此,用一级轻型井点系统即可满足要求,总管和井点布置在同一水平面上。由井点系统布置处至下面一层不透水粘土层的深度为0.7+6.6=7.3m,设井点管长度为7.2m(井管长6m,滤管1.2m,直径0.05m),因此,滤管底距离不透水粘土层只差0.1m,可按无压完整井进行设计和计算。/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
(2)基坑总涌水量计算/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
含水层厚度:H=7.3-0.6=6.7 m/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
降水深度:s=4.1-0.6+0.5=4.0m/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
基坑假想半径:由于该基坑长宽比不大于5,所以可化简为一个假想半径为x0的圆井进行计算:/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
x0=√F/π =√(14+0.8×2)(23+0.8×2)/3.14 =11m/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
抽水影响半径:R=1.95 s√H• K  =1.95×4√6.7×5 =45.1m/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
基坑总涌水量:     /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
(2H―s)s               /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
Q=1.366K               /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
           lgR―lgx0 /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
                    (2×6.7―4)×4               /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
=1.366×5               /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
               Lg45.1―lg11   /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
     =419 m3/d/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
(3)计算井点管数量和间距/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
单井出水量:/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
q=65π•d•l 3√  K        /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
      =65 ×3.14 ×0.05×1.2 3√  5        /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
=20.9 m3/d/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
井点管数量:/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
Q           419/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
n=m       =1.1×      =22根/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
q        20.9/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
在基坑四角处井点管应加密,如考虑每个角加2根井管,采用的井点管数量为22+8=30根。/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
井点管间距平均为:/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
2×(24.6+15.6)           /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
D=                 =2.77 m    取2.4m/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
30―1/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
        /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
井点管布置时,为让开机械挖土开行路线,宜布置成端部开口(即留3根井管数量距离),因此,实际需要井点管数量为:/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
2×(24.6+15.6)           /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
D=                 ―2≈31.5根/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
2.4        /õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
用32根。/õýt?9ö²—ôbbs.3c3t.comHnއQÁ—~$‰
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