[文章] 浅议水利工程混凝土坝基地质 [复制链接]

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        

浅议水利工程混凝土坝基地质

发布时间：                                                                                                                        2007-9-19 8:58:05    浏览次数：                                                                                                                                47

”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY                                                                                                                          风化程度 全风化 强风化 弱风化 微风化 新鲜 岩石风化程度系数 <0.2 0.2~0.4 0.4~0.75 0.75~0.90 >0.9 3．根据点荷载强度指标划分风化带岩石点荷载试验适用于各类岩石，试验时将岩石试样置于两个球端园台之间，利用球端园台状加荷器施加点荷载，直至试件破坏。记录和量测试样破坏时的极限压力P（N）和加荷点间距离D（cm），计算点荷载强度IS（MPa）：”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY P”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY IS=”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY D2(5.3.1-2)”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 　　式中IS为未经修正的岩石点荷载强度（MPa）。并求出相当于标准直径50mm时点荷载强度IS（50）。换算方法参见GB/T50266-99《工程岩体试验方法标准》（国标）及GB50218-94《工程岩体分级标准》（国标）。本法测定风化岩石强度，并用来划分岩体风化分带，简捷、经济，可直接在现场或室内进行，值得推广应用。现将一些研究者根据点荷载强度划分岩体风化带标准，见表5.3.1-5。”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 表5.3.1-5 据点荷载强度指标划分岩体风化带的界限值（据陆兆溱2001.10）”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 研究者 岩石名称 指标名称 岩体风化程度 全风化 强风化 弱（中）风化 微风化 新鲜 T.Y.伊凡 花岗岩 IS（MPa） <0.1 0.1~4 4~6 6~10 >10 崔冠英 花岗岩 点荷载抗拉强度（MPa） <1.0 1.0~5.0 5.0~8.0 8.0~10 >10 陆兆溱等 混合花岗岩，混合花岗片麻岩 IS（50）（MPa） <1.0 1~5 5~8 8~12 >12 水电部华东院 闽浙花岗岩 IS（MPa） <1.0 1~5 5~9 9~11 >11 三峡工程 闪云斜长花岗岩 IS（MPa） ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY <1 弱上1~3弱下3~7 7~9 >9 胡敏慧 结晶片岩 片理IS（MPa） 0.08 0.4~2.0 4.1~6.0 7.2 ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 　4．根据波速比和标准贯入试验击数划分风化带波速比即波速衰减系数，表达式为”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY Vpw”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY KV=”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY Vpf(5.3.1-3) ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 　　式中：Vpw、Vpf分别为风化岩体和新鲜岩体纵波速度（m/s），KV为波速比。《岩土工程勘察规范》《水利水电工程地质勘察规范》中应用波速比KV和风化系数Kf给定各风化分带的特征值，见表5.3.1-6。对花岗岩类岩体，可用标准贯入试验击数N63.5划分残积土和全、强风化带。见表5.3.1-6。”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 表5.3.1-6 岩石按风化程度分类标准”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 岩石”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 类别”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 风化程度”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 风化程度划分参数”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 压缩波速度υp”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY (m/s)”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 波速比”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY Kv”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 风化系数”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY Kf”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 标贯击数”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY N63.5”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 点荷载强度Is(50)（MPa）”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 动弹模Ed”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY (×103MPa)”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 硬质”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 岩石”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 新鲜（未风化）”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY >5000”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 0.9~1.0”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 0.9~1.0”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY -”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY >12”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY >36”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 微风化”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 4000~5000”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 0.8~0.9”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 0.8~0.9”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY -”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 8~12”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 18~36”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 中等风化”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 2000~4000”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 0.6~0.8”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 0.4~0.8”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY -”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 5~8”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 8~18”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 强风化”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 1000~2000”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 0.4~0.6”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY <0.4”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ≥50”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 1~5”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 2~8”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 全风化”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 500~1000”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 0.2~0.4”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY -”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 50>N≥30”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY <1”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY <2”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 残积土”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY <500”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY <0.2”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY -”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY <30”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 软质岩石”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 新鲜（未风化）”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY >4000”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 0.9~1.0”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 0.9~1.0”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 微风化”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 3000~4000”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 0.8~0.9”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 0.8~0.9”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 中等风化”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 1500~3000”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 0.5~0.8”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 0.3~0.8”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 强风化”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 700~1500”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 0.3~0.5”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY <0.3”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 全风化”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 300~700”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 0.1~0.3”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY -”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY 残积土”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY <300”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY <0.1”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY -”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY ”#k"¦"±Qj%bbs.3c3t.comzNð€ÿ°ÃY

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