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发表于 2014-09-19 22:10
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某建设项目有A、B两个投资方案,基准收益率ic=10%,其现金流量(投资与效益)见下表êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x现金流量表êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x年êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
末êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 折现系数êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
(P/F,10%,n)êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 方案AêÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 方案BêÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 投资与êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
利益êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 净现值êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 累计净现êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x 值êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 投资与利êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x 益êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 净现值êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 累计净现êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x 值êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 1êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 0.9091êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | -1 200êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| -2 500êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| 2êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 0.8264êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | -1 500êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| -2 300êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| 3êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 0.7513êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 850êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| 1 500êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| 4êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 0.6830êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 850êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| 1 500êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| 5êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 0.6209êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 850êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| 1 500êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| 6êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 0.5645êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 850êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| 1 500êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| 7êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 0.5132êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 850êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| 1 500êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| 8êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 0.4665êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 850êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| 1 500êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| 9êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 0.4241êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | 850êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| 1 500êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x | êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
| êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x参考系数:êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x[P/A,20%,2]=1.5278êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x [P/A,25%,2]=1.4400êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x [P/A,20%,1]=0.8333êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x[P/A,30%,2]=1.3609êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x [P/A,25%,2]=1.2894êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x [P/A,25%,1]=0.8000êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x[P/A,20%,7]=3.6046êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x [P/A,20%,2]=3.1611êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x [P/A,10%,7]=4.8683êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x[P/A,30%,7]=2.8021êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x [P/A,20%,2]=2.5075êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x[P/A,20%,2]=0.6944êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x [P/A,20%,2]=0.6400êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x[P/A,30%,2]=0.5917êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x [P/A,20%,2]=0.5487êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x[问题]êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x试分别应用如下两种方法,对A、B两方案进行评价和优选。êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x1、净现值法;2、内部收益率法。êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x[参考答案]êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x1、净现值法:êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xNPVA=-1200[P/F,10%,1]-1500[P/F,10%,2]+850[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xêÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x =-1200×0.9091-1500×0.8264+850×4.8683×0.8264êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xêÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x =1089.17(万元)êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xNPVB=-2500[P/F,10%,1]-2300[P/F,10%,2]+1500[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xêÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x =-2500×0.9091-2300×0.8264+1500×4.8683×0.8264êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xêÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x =1861.27(万元)êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x两方案的净现值均大于0,作为单方案在经济上都是可行的。êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x但A、B方案相比, NPVB > NPVA,表明B方案的经济效果更好,因此应采用B 方案。êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x2、内部收益率法:êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x根据内部收益率的定义,令NPV=0,求IRR。êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x⑴.求A方案的IRR:êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xNPVA=-1200[P/F,IRRA,1]-1500[P/F,IRRA,2]+850[P/A,IRRA,7][P/F,IRRA,2] êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x①用试算法计算êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x假设IRRA=20%:êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xNPVA=-1200[P/F,20%,1]-1500[P/F,20%,2]+850[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xêÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x =86.027(万元)êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x假设IRRA=25%:êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xNPVA=-1200[P/F,25%,1]-1500[P/F,25%,2]+850[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xêÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x =-200.36(万元)êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x②用插值法求IRRAêÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xêÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x IRRA=20%+86.02/(86.02+200.36)×(25%-20%)=21.5%êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x⑵.求B方案的IRR:êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xNPVB=-2500[P/F,IRRB,1]-2300[P/F,IRRB,2]+1500[P/A,IRRB,7][P/F,IRRB,2]êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x①用试算法计算êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x假设IRRB=20%êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xNPVB=-2500[P/F,20%,1]-2300[P/F,20%,2]+1500[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xêÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x =74.18(万元)êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x假设IRRB=25%êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xNPVB=-2500[P/F,25%,1]-2300[P/F,25%,2]+1500[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xêÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x =-437.34(万元) êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x②用插值法求IRRBêÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED xêÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x IRRB=20%+74.18/(74.18+437.34)×(25%-20%)=20.7%êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x因为A、B两方案内部收益率均大于基准收益率ic=10%,说明两个方案作为单方案在经济上是可行的。但两方案相比IRRA > IRRB ,故采用A方案优。 êÀÆPdÄbbs.3c3t.comzÂfUED x
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