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公路监理师工程经济投资方案比选(净现值)计算 [复制链接]

1#
某建设项目有A、B两个投资方案,基准收益率ic=10%,其现金流量(投资与效益)见下表ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

现金流量表ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

折现系数ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

(P/F,10%,nºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

方案Aºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

方案Bºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

投资与ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

利益ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

净现值ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

累计净现ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

投资与利ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

净现值ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

累计净现ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

1ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

0.9091ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

-1 200ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

-2 500ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

2ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

0.8264ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

-1 500ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

-2 300ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

3ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

0.7513ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

850ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

1 500ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

4ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

0.6830ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

850ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

1 500ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

5ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

0.6209ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

850ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

1 500ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

6ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

0.5645ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

850ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

1 500ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

7ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

0.5132ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

850ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

1 500ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

8ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

0.4665ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

850ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

1 500ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

9ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

0.4241ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

850ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

1 500ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r

参考系数:ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[P/A,20%,2]=1.5278ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[P/A,25%,2]=1.4400ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[P/A,20%,1]=0.8333
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[P/A,30%,2]=1.3609ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[P/A,25%,2]=1.2894ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[P/A,25%,1]=0.8000
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[P/A,20%,7]=3.6046ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[P/A,20%,2]=3.1611ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[P/A,10%,7]=4.8683
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[P/A,30%,7]=2.8021ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[P/A,20%,2]=2.5075
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[P/A,20%,2]=0.6944ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[P/A,20%,2]=0.6400
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[P/A,30%,2]=0.5917ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[P/A,20%,2]=0.5487
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[问题]ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
试分别应用如下两种方法,对A、B两方案进行评价和优选。ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
1、净现值法;2、内部收益率法。ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
[参考答案]ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
1、净现值法:ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
NPVA=-1200[P/F,10%,1]-1500[P/F,10%,2]+850[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
=-1200×0.9091-1500×0.8264+850×4.8683×0.8264ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
=1089.17(万元)ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
NPVB-2500[P/F,10%,1]-2300[P/F,10%,2]+1500[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
=-2500×0.9091-2300×0.8264+1500×4.8683×0.8264ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
=1861.27(万元)ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
两方案的净现值均大于0,作为单方案在经济上都是可行的。ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
但A、B方案相比, NPVB > NPVA,表明B方案的经济效果更好,因此应采用B 方案。ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
2、内部收益率法:ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
根据内部收益率的定义,令NPV=0,求IRR。ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
⑴.求A方案的IRR:ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
NPVA-1200[P/F,IRRA,1]-1500[P/F,IRRA,2]+850[P/A,IRRA,7][P/F,IRRA,2] ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
①用试算法计算ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
假设IRRA=20%:ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
NPVA=-1200[P/F,20%,1]-1500[P/F,20%,2]+850[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
=86.027(万元)ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
假设IRRA=25%:ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
NPVA=-1200[P/F,25%,1]-1500[P/F,25%,2]+850[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
=-200.36(万元)ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
②用插值法求IRRAºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
IRRA
=20%+86.02/(86.02+200.36)×(25%-20%)=21.5%ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
⑵.求B方案的IRR:ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
NPVB=-2500[P/F,IRRB,1]-2300[P/F,IRRB,2]+1500[P/A,IRRB,7][P/F,IRRB,2]ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
①用试算法计算ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
假设IRRB=20%ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
NPVB=-2500[P/F,20%,1]-2300[P/F,20%,2]+1500[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
=74.18(万元)ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
假设IRRB=25%ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
NPVB=-2500[P/F,25%,1]-2300[P/F,25%,2]+1500[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
=-437.34(万元) ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
②用插值法求IRRBºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
IRRB
=20%+74.18/(74.18+437.34)×(25%-20%)=20.7%ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
因为A、B两方案内部收益率均大于基准收益率ic=10%,说明两个方案作为单方案在经济上是可行的。但两方案相比IRRA > IRRB ,故采用A方案优。 ºïul—tðSƒbbs.3c3t.com¯³?VP(}r
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