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某建设项目有A、B两个投资方案,基准收益率ic=10%,其现金流量(投资与效益)见下表¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ现金流量表¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ ¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ年¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ ¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ
末¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ | 折现系数¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ ¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ
(P/F,10%,n)¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ | 方案A¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ | 方案B¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ | 投资与¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ ¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ
利益¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ | 净现值¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ | 累计净现¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ 值¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ | 投资与利¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ 益¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ | 净现值¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ | 累计净现¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ 值¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ | 1¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ | 0.9091¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ | -1 200¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ | ¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ ¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ
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| ¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ参考系数:¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ[P/A,20%,2]=1.5278¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ [P/A,25%,2]=1.4400¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ [P/A,20%,1]=0.8333¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ[P/A,30%,2]=1.3609¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ [P/A,25%,2]=1.2894¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ [P/A,25%,1]=0.8000¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ[P/A,20%,7]=3.6046¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ [P/A,20%,2]=3.1611¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ [P/A,10%,7]=4.8683¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ[P/A,30%,7]=2.8021¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ [P/A,20%,2]=2.5075¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ[P/A,20%,2]=0.6944¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ [P/A,20%,2]=0.6400¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ[P/A,30%,2]=0.5917¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ [P/A,20%,2]=0.5487¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ[问题]¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ试分别应用如下两种方法,对A、B两方案进行评价和优选。¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ1、净现值法;2、内部收益率法。¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ[参考答案]¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ1、净现值法:¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊNPVA=-1200[P/F,10%,1]-1500[P/F,10%,2]+850[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôʦL±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ =-1200×0.9091-1500×0.8264+850×4.8683×0.8264¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôʦL±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ =1089.17(万元)¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ ¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊNPVB=-2500[P/F,10%,1]-2300[P/F,10%,2]+1500[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôʦL±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ =-2500×0.9091-2300×0.8264+1500×4.8683×0.8264¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôʦL±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ =1861.27(万元)¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ ¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ两方案的净现值均大于0,作为单方案在经济上都是可行的。¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ但A、B方案相比, NPVB > NPVA,表明B方案的经济效果更好,因此应采用B 方案。¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ2、内部收益率法:¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ根据内部收益率的定义,令NPV=0,求IRR。¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ⑴.求A方案的IRR:¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊNPVA=-1200[P/F,IRRA,1]-1500[P/F,IRRA,2]+850[P/A,IRRA,7][P/F,IRRA,2] ¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ①用试算法计算¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ假设IRRA=20%:¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊNPVA=-1200[P/F,20%,1]-1500[P/F,20%,2]+850[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôʦL±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ =86.027(万元)¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ假设IRRA=25%:¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊNPVA=-1200[P/F,25%,1]-1500[P/F,25%,2]+850[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôʦL±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ =-200.36(万元)¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ ¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ②用插值法求IRRA¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôʦL±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ IRRA=20%+86.02/(86.02+200.36)×(25%-20%)=21.5%¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ ¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ⑵.求B方案的IRR:¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊNPVB=-2500[P/F,IRRB,1]-2300[P/F,IRRB,2]+1500[P/A,IRRB,7][P/F,IRRB,2]¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ①用试算法计算¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ假设IRRB=20%¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊNPVB=-2500[P/F,20%,1]-2300[P/F,20%,2]+1500[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôʦL±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ =74.18(万元)¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ假设IRRB=25%¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊNPVB=-2500[P/F,25%,1]-2300[P/F,25%,2]+1500[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôʦL±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ =-437.34(万元) ¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ②用插值法求IRRB¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôʦL±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ IRRB=20%+74.18/(74.18+437.34)×(25%-20%)=20.7%¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ因为A、B两方案内部收益率均大于基准收益率ic=10%,说明两个方案作为单方案在经济上是可行的。但两方案相比IRRA > IRRB ,故采用A方案优。 ¦L±´D¶?bbs.3c3t.com>aV¡ÂòôÊ
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