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发表于 2014-09-19 22:10
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某建设项目有A、B两个投资方案,基准收益率ic=10%,其现金流量(投资与效益)见下表3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}现金流量表3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} 3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}年3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} 3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}
末3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} | 折现系数3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} 3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}
(P/F,10%,n)3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} | 方案A3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} | 方案B3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} | 投资与3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} 3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}
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| 3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}参考系数:3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}[P/A,20%,2]=1.52783D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} [P/A,25%,2]=1.44003D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} [P/A,20%,1]=0.83333D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}[P/A,30%,2]=1.36093D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} [P/A,25%,2]=1.28943D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} [P/A,25%,1]=0.80003D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}[P/A,20%,7]=3.60463D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} [P/A,20%,2]=3.16113D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} [P/A,10%,7]=4.86833D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}[P/A,30%,7]=2.80213D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} [P/A,20%,2]=2.50753D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}[P/A,20%,2]=0.69443D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} [P/A,20%,2]=0.64003D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}[P/A,30%,2]=0.59173D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} [P/A,20%,2]=0.54873D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}[问题]3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}试分别应用如下两种方法,对A、B两方案进行评价和优选。3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}1、净现值法;2、内部收益率法。3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}[参考答案]3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}1、净现值法:3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}NPVA=-1200[P/F,10%,1]-1500[P/F,10%,2]+850[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} =-1200×0.9091-1500×0.8264+850×4.8683×0.82643D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} =1089.17(万元)3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} 3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}NPVB=-2500[P/F,10%,1]-2300[P/F,10%,2]+1500[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} =-2500×0.9091-2300×0.8264+1500×4.8683×0.82643D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} =1861.27(万元)3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} 3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}两方案的净现值均大于0,作为单方案在经济上都是可行的。3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}但A、B方案相比, NPVB > NPVA,表明B方案的经济效果更好,因此应采用B 方案。3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}2、内部收益率法:3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}根据内部收益率的定义,令NPV=0,求IRR。3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}⑴.求A方案的IRR:3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}NPVA=-1200[P/F,IRRA,1]-1500[P/F,IRRA,2]+850[P/A,IRRA,7][P/F,IRRA,2] 3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}①用试算法计算3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}假设IRRA=20%:3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}NPVA=-1200[P/F,20%,1]-1500[P/F,20%,2]+850[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} =86.027(万元)3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}假设IRRA=25%:3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}NPVA=-1200[P/F,25%,1]-1500[P/F,25%,2]+850[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} =-200.36(万元)3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} 3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}②用插值法求IRRA3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} IRRA=20%+86.02/(86.02+200.36)×(25%-20%)=21.5%3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} 3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}⑵.求B方案的IRR:3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}NPVB=-2500[P/F,IRRB,1]-2300[P/F,IRRB,2]+1500[P/A,IRRB,7][P/F,IRRB,2]3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}①用试算法计算3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}假设IRRB=20%3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}NPVB=-2500[P/F,20%,1]-2300[P/F,20%,2]+1500[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} =74.18(万元)3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}假设IRRB=25%3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}NPVB=-2500[P/F,25%,1]-2300[P/F,25%,2]+1500[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} =-437.34(万元) 3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}②用插值法求IRRB3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì} IRRB=20%+74.18/(74.18+437.34)×(25%-20%)=20.7%3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}因为A、B两方案内部收益率均大于基准收益率ic=10%,说明两个方案作为单方案在经济上是可行的。但两方案相比IRRA > IRRB ,故采用A方案优。 3D°\+/bbs.3c3t.comG¢Ì}
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