EXCEL 在测量计算中的应用©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ
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1 前言 ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ 随着计算机电脑网络和多媒体技术的发展普及，电脑在我们工作和生产中的应用越来越普遍，计算机的操作平台也由DOS过渡成为WINDOWS95、98系列。OFFICE97已成为我们办公必备软件。 ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ 2 电子表格——EXCEL 简介 ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ 2.1引用：引用的作用在于标识工作表上的单元格或单元格区域，并指明公式中所使用的数据的位置。通过引用，可以在公式中使用工作表不同部分的数据，或者在多个公式中使用同一单元格的数值。还可以引用同一工作簿不同工作表的单元格、不同工作簿的单元格、甚至其它应用程序中的数据。引用不同工作簿中的单元格称为外部引用。引用其它程序中的数据称为远程引用。 ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ 当复制使用相对引用的公式时，被粘贴公式中的引用将被更新，并指向与当前公式位置相对应的其它单元格。如果不希望在复制公式时，引用发生改变，请使用绝对引用。例如，如果公式将单元格 A5乘以单元格 C1（＝A5*C1），现在将公式复制到另一单元格中，则公式中的两个引用都将改变。如果在不希望改变的引用前加一个美元符号（$），就可以对单元格 C1 进行绝对引用。如果要对单元格 C1 进行绝对引用，请如下在公式中加入美元符号：=A5*$C$1 ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ 3、 EXCEL在测量计算中的应用 ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ 3.1坐标计算 ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ 我们可以把路中线分解成为：直线段、前缓和曲线段、圆曲线段、后缓和曲线段分别计算。 ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ 3.1.1 资料表（ZL） ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ 启动系统，进入EXCEL后，在电子表格中输入基本文字及表头。如交点桩号、JDX、JDY、方位角等等。为了叙述方便我们以石黄高速K25+800——K36+000段为例把表格定为40行。如表1 ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ 在表中键入路线的路由特征及曲线要素。 ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ 校正栏目 ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ M3=IF（L3-L2>0,1,-1） ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ 然后选第二个工作表。 ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ
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这样就完成了“直线——缓和曲线——圆曲线——缓和曲线——直线”的计算过程。如果下面还有需要计算，就将“HH1——1”“YQX1”“HH1——2”“ZX2”这四个工作表复制在后面的工作表中即可。 ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ 3.2路基高程计算： ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ 路基高程计算就很简单了，下面以‘石—黄高速公路石衡界至沧州市段衡水市分段’中K25+800——K26+520为例：(表7) ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ
表7 ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ  ©`'&E §âÆRbbs.3c3t.comlÌÙE[ùÑĶ
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