[公告] 监理检测网被华盛顿大学作为研究对象发表文章了 [复制链接]

论文查询网址
http://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis2011_submissions/126

恭祝监理检测网明天更美好

论文全文如下：
The Growth of Industry Web Portals: A Case Study

Duanning Zhou
Eastern Washington University
Spokane, WA, USA
dzhou@ewu.edu

Aiwen Zhang
Shaanxi Transport Foreign Fund Financed Project Construction Limited Company
Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
670802927@qq.com

Ning Lu
Foshan Highway&Bridge Construction Co., LTD
Foshan, Guangdong, China
cntco@163.com



ABSTRACT:
With the development of the Internet, professionals in different industries or specialized areas have an increasing need for information exchange and social support. Therefore, industry or specialized web portals present a new opportunity in the Internet business. This paper presents a growth model for industry web portals. The model contains five stages: preparation stage, attraction stage, contagion stage, entrenchment stage, and defense stage, and the actions and strategies to be taken and used in each stage. An industry web portal for engineering supervision, testing, and inspection professionals in China is analyzed. This paper contributes to the industry web portals practice by a set of guidelines that can be applied by practitioners in the industry web portals business.


Keywords:
Industry web portal, web portal management, virtual community, online community


INTRODUCTION
Over the years of the development of the Internet, the existing large general-purpose web portals, like Yahoo, MSN, AOL, etc., have monopolized the market. It is extremely difficult for new entrants to enter the general web portals business. On the other hand, from the evidence of the emergence of professional virtual communities (Chen and Hung, 2010), professionals in different industries or specialized areas are eager to have virtual platforms for information exchange and social support. Therefore, industry or specialized web portals present a new opportunity in the Internet business. For convenience, we use the term industry web portals to refer to industry web portals, specialized web portals, and professional-specific web portals.

The main differences between general web portals and industry web portals are the content and users. An industry web portal’s content is about the specific industry, which may include news, knowledge, recruitment information, and various virtual communities. The users of an industry web portal are people working in the industry, people working in a related industry, and people seeking job opportunities in the industry. Visitors come to an industry web portal for diverse purposes which may include looking for news and jobs, learning new knowledge, seeking friendship and support, sharing knowledge, experiences, opinions, and ideas, and looking for co-creation of new knowledge, new products, and new services.

How does an industry web portal grow and evolve? What approaches and strategies should an industry web portal use to succeed? Little research addresses these issues that are especially important to practitioners. This paper aims to narrow the gap through a proposed industry web portal growth model and a detailed case discussion.


LITERATURE REVIEW
Damsgaad (2002) presents a portal life cycle model for web portal management. The life cycle model contains four phases: attraction phase, contagion phase, entrenchment phase, and defense phase, in which each phase needs to overcome certain challenges to proceed to the next phase. Attraction phase of a web portal starts from the launch of the web portal with some unique/innovative features which the existing web portals do not provide. The main tasks of the attraction stage are to attract visitors and to keep visitors coming back to the portal to become recurring users. Contagion phase’s focus is to “infect” the recurring users so that they can help spread the portal. Entrenchment phase comes when the number of users of the portal reaches a “critical mass”. The web portal at this phase can “tax” users by providing upgraded/enhanced services and accepting advertisements. Once the portal is well established, it needs to defend this status by carefully monitoring the challenges from new entrants. The primary goal of these four phases is to "lock-in" users, so that they cannot easily switch to the competitors (Damsgaad, 2002).

A relevant research area of industry web portals is virtual (online) communities which have been widely discussed in Information Systems discipline (Johnson, Butler, Faraj, Jarvenpaa, Kane and Kudaravalli 2010). While the majority research of virtual communities focuses on the determinants of participation and knowledge sharing (Casalo, Flavian and Guinaliu, 2010; Sun, Fang and Lim, 2010; Wasko and Faraj, 2005; Zhang, Fang, Wei and Chen, 2010), others study virtual communities from the viewpoint of the success factors and management (Leimeister, Sidiras and Krcmar, 2006; Rosenkranz and Feddersen, 2008). The common success factors include: high stability of the website, offering up-to-date contents, offering high-quality contents, encouraging interaction between users, building trust among users, handling user data sensitively, short reaction time of the website, and evolution of the website according to the ideas of its users (Koh, Kim, Butler and Bock, 2007; Liu, Du and Tsai, 2009; Leimeister et al., 2006; Rosenkranz and Feddersen, 2008).

Preparation Stage (Before 2006)
Before 2005, there were some general industry web portals in China. However, these web portals were all-purpose oriented, and tried to include information from all industries. It is hard for professionals in a specific industry to have an “at home” feeling and experience when using those general industry web portals. Two professionals in the engineering supervision and inspection industry found the gap, and then a business opportunity. Because the number of China’s infrastructure construction projects increases quickly, the demand of supervision and inspection engineers also increases rapidly. A web portal for the professionals in this area has the potential to succeed. The two professionals also decided to act as the managers of the web portal because they believed that only professionals in this industry can truly understand the needs, insights, and changes in the industry.

Web 2.0 platforms enable communication, cooperation, and collaboration of individuals and groups over the Internet. The two professionals chose forum based applications to start the web portal. Since the two professionals had no website development background, they were looking for software modules with the required features and at a low-cost. At the beginning, they adapted the Dvbbs -- a free forum software package. Later, they hired programmers to customize the system.

Due to the lack of knowledge of search engine optimization, at the beginning, the web portal had no effective keywords. Later in the attraction stage, the web portal re-designed the effective keywords, such as engineering supervision, engineering supervision consulting, engineering testing, engineering inspection, construction supervision, and construction inspection. The outcome shows that these well-designed keywords play an effective role in having the website listed in the front of the search results of search engines.

Attraction Stage (January 2006 – July 2008)
www.3c3t.com was launched in January 2006. A unique part of the portal is that it provides learning materials for the industry. There were several forums: consulting supervision, testing and inspection, and construction supervision. In the beginning, the web master uploaded news and learning materials, and encouraged visitors and members to share and exchange. As member-generated learning materials increased, visitors found that this portal was very useful, and more visitors started coming to the portal and registering as members.

The key features to attract visitors to the portal are the industry news, the learning materials, and the forums. In July 2008, the number of the registered members had reached 53,298.

Contagion Stage (August 2008 – December 2009)
As the content of the web portal became richer, visitors and members found this portal more useful. Through word of mouth, these visitors and members recommended the portal to their colleagues, classmates, and friends. Some visitors and members used QQ (the most popular instant messaging website in China) to “infect” others to come to www.3c3t.com. www.3c3t.com also used QQ to promote the web portal. However, the dilemma is that although at the beginning, the QQ promotion recruited a certain amount of visitors and members, later on, some visitors and members only used QQ to communicate and share; so they didn’t come to www.3c3t.com, which caused an opposite outcome. This is an interesting phenomenon which is worthy of further research.

The main objective of this stage is to gain popularity and reach “critical mass” of visitors and members. Different online communities have different measures of “critical mass” of visitors and members (Raban et al., 2010). Through the analysis of the engineering supervision, testing and inspection industry in China, we believe that 100,000 members can be considered as “critical mass” for this industry web portal.
        
As the web portal built more and more virtual communities with different topics, more visitors and members can have specific platforms that they need. Also, the web portal started to provide the information and materials of certificate exams for the industry, as well as recruitment information and services. These new features and services played an important role in promoting the site’s popularity. At the end of 2009, the number of the registered members of the web portal had reached 109,103.

Entrenchment Stage (January 2010 - present)
The number of registered members and the site traffic kept increasing. At the end of 2010, the number of the registered members of www.3c3t.com had reached 136,629 (see Figure 1), of which there were 417 institutional and about 100 individual VIP members who pay membership fees. www.3c3t.com is ranked No. 1 in the engineering supervision, testing, and inspection industry in search engines Google and Baidu (a leading search engine in China), and is well ahead of other web portals in this area in China (see Table 1). The web portal began to offer fee-based services, and accept advertisements. The web portal generated a positive cash flow in 2010.

Figure 1: The growth of the registered members of www.3c3t.com


No.        Website Name        China Website
Ranking        World Website
Ranking
1        www.3c3t.com         11,487        112,348
2        www.*test.cn         1,997,188        13,603,128
3        www.ticc.cn         2,520,600        4,934,518
4        www.**i.com        2,639,187        6,606,142
5        www.glsyjcw.com 　        2,267,608        12,979,035

Table 1: The comparison of www.3c3t.com with other websites in engineering supervision, testing, and inspection area (query date 06/06/2010. China website rankings were from http://www.chinarank.org.cn , World website rankings were from http://www.alexa.com)  


CONCLUSION
With the development of the Internet, professionals in different areas have increasing needs for information exchange and social support. Industry or specialized web portals have the opportunity to grow and meet the information exchange and social support needs of the professionals. What are the characteristics of industry web portals? What are the growth stages of industry web portals? Based on the portal life cycle model (Damsgaad, 2002), the new findings of virtual communities research, and our practical experiences as owners/managers of an industry web portal, this paper presents a growth model of industry web portals. The growth model includes preparation stage, attraction stage, contagion stage, entrenchment stage, and defense stage, and the strategies to be taken in each stage. www.3c3t.com is an industry web portal in China’s engineering supervision, testing, and inspection industry. This paper discussed the web portal in details as a case study. This research, although in the preliminary status, will contribute to the practice of web portal business through the set of guidelines for practitioners to launch and run industry web portals.


REFERENCES
Applegate, L.M., Austin, R.D. and Soule D.L. (2009) Corporate Information Strategy and Management: Text and Cases, McGraw-Hill, Boston.
Armstrong, A. and Hagel, J. (1996) The real value of on-line communities, Harvard Business Review, May-June 1996, 134-141.
Casalo, L.V., Flavian, C. and Guinaliu, M. (2010) Relationship quality, community promotion and brand loyalty in virtual communities: evidence from free software communities, International Journal of Information Management, 30, 357-367.
Chen, C-J. and Hung S-W. (2010) To give or to receive? Factors influencing members’ knowledge sharing and community promotion in professional virtual communities, Information & Management, 47, 226-236.
Damsgaard J. (2002) Managing an Internet portal, Communication of the Association for Information Systems, 9, 408-420.
Johnson, S. L., Butler, B., Faraj, S., Jarvenpaa, S. Kane, G. and Kudaravalli, S. (2010) New directions in online community research, Thirty First International Conference on Information Systems, St. Louis, USA, 2010.
Koh, J., Kim Y.G., Butler, B. and Bock, G.W. (2007) Encouraging participation in virtual communities, Communications of the ACM, 50, 2, 69-73.
Leimeister J. M. and Krcmar, H. (2004) Revisiting the virtual community business model, Proceedings of the Tenth Americas Conference on Information Systems, New York, New York, USA, August 5-8, 2004
Leimeister, J.M., Sidiras, P. and Krcmar, H. (2006) Exploring success factors of virtual communities: the perspective of members and operators, Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce 16, (3&4), 277-298.
Liu, C. T., Du, T. C. and Tsai, H. H. (2009) A study of the service quality of general portals, Information & Management, 46, 52-56.
Porter, M. (1996) What is strategy? Harvard Business Review, May-June 1996, 134-141.
Raban, D., Moldovan M. and Jones, Q. (2010) An empirical study of critical mass and online community survival, Proceedings of the 2010 ACM Conferences on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, February 6-10, Savannah, Georgia, USA, 71-80.
Rosenkranz, C. and Fessersen, C. (2008) A model for understanding success of virtual community management teams, Proceedings of the Fourteenth Americas Conference on Information Systems, Toronto, Canada, August 14-17, 2008.
Sun, Y., Fang, Y. and Lim, K.H. (2010) Understanding sustained participation in transactional virtual communities, Thirty First International Conference on Information Systems, St. Louis, USA, 2010.
Wasko, M.M. and Faraj, S. (2005) Why should I share? Examining social capital and knowledge contribution in electronic networks of practice, MIS Quarterly, 29, 1, 35-57.
Zhang Y., Fang, Y., Wei, K.K. and Chen, H. (2010) Exploring the role of psychological safety in promoting the intention to continue sharing knowledge in virtual communities, International Journal of Information Management, 30, 425-436.

全文下载如下：

Portals-V2.zip (, 下载次数:455)

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行业门户网站的增长:一个案例研究


Duanning周

东部华盛顿大学

斯波坎,WA,美国

dzhou@ewu.edu


爱文张

国外基金资助陕西交通工程建设有限公司

西安、陕西、中国

670802927 @qq.com


宁路

佛山市Highway&Bridge建设有限公司

广东佛山市,中国

cntco@163.com




文摘:

随着互联网的发展,专业分布在不同的行业或专业领域有越来越需要信息交换和社会的支持。因此,行业专业门户网站或呈现出新的机会在互联网业务。本文提出一种工业门户网站生长模型。该模型包含五个阶段:准备阶段、吸引力的阶段,传染病的阶段,壕沟阶段,和防御阶段,采取行动和策略,并应用于每个阶段。一个行业门户网站为工程监理、测试、检验人员在中国进行了分析。本文有助于行业门户网站实施一套规范,能适用于练习者在行业门户网站的业务。



关键词:

行业门户网站、门户网站管理、虚拟社区,网络社区



介绍

多年来的因特网的发展,现有大型通用门户网站如雅虎、MSN、AOL(美国在线)等等,具有垄断了市场。这是极其困难的,新进入者进入一般的门户网站的业务。另一方面,从证据产生的虚拟社区专业(陈,悬挂,2010),专业分布在不同的行业或专业领域是渴望有虚拟平台信息交换和社会的支持。因此,行业专业门户网站或呈现出新的机会在互联网业务。为方便起见,我们用这个词指工业行业门户网站门户网站、专业门户网站,professional-specific门户网站。


一般的主要差异和行业门户网站门户网站的内容和用户。一个行业门户网站的内容是关于某一特定行业,其中可能包括新闻、知识、招聘信息,和各种虚拟社区。用户是一个行业门户网站工作人员在工业中,在工作的相关产业的发展,人们在寻求工作机会的整个产业的发展。游客来到一个行业门户网站为各种各样的目的,包括寻找新闻和工作机会,学习新的知识,寻求友谊和支持,分享知识、经验、意见和观点,并寻找共同创造新知识、新产品和新服务。


一个行业门户网站如何成长、发展吗?什么方法和策略应该使用一个行业门户网站成功呢?这些问题的研究较少,地址特别重要的实践者。摘要本文旨在缩小这种差距通过产业增长模型的基础上,提出了门户网站,一个详细的案例的讨论。



文献

Damsgaad(2002)提出了一个入口,生命周期模型为门户网站管理。生命周期模型包括四个阶段:吸引阶段,传染阶段,壕沟阶段,和防御阶段,每一阶段需要克服一定的挑战,进入下一阶段。吸引力阶段的门户网站开始从发射的门户网站提供特别的/创新特征存在的门户网站不提供。的主要任务是为了吸引游客的吸引力阶段,使访问者返回到黑暗之门成为复发的用户。传染阶段的重点在于“感染”的循环,这样他们可以帮助用户把门户网站。壕沟阶段。而当用户数量的门户网站的达到“临界质量”。在这个阶段,这个门户网站“税收”可以增强用户提供升级服务/和接受广告。一旦门户网站是确立,它需要保护这状态密切监视的挑战新进入者。最基本的目标是这四个阶段的“锁定”用户,使他们无法轻易切换到竞争对手(Damsgaad,2002)。


相关研究领域的行业门户网站(网上)是虚拟社区,也就是已经被广泛讨论的信息系统学科(约翰逊,·巴特勒,但Faraj凯恩和Kudaravalli 2010)。虽然大多数的研究主要集中在虚拟社区参与的主要因素和知识共享(Casalo,Flavian和Guinaliu,2010分;太阳、方和小林,2010分;,2005分;Faraj Wasko、张、枋、卫浴、陈,2010),其他的虚拟社区研究的视角,成功因素和管理(Leimeister,Sidiras和Krcmar,2006分;Rosenkranz和Feddersen,2008)。共同的成功因素包括:高稳定性的网站,提供最新的内容、提供优质内容,鼓励用户之间相互作用,建立信任服用者,处理用户数据敏感、反应时间短、网站的网站和演化的根据用户的思想(Koh,金姆,巴特勒与啤酒,2007;刘、杜拜、蔡Leimeister等问题,2009分;,2006分;Rosenkranz和Feddersen,2008)。

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