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某建设项目有A、B两个投资方案,基准收益率ic=10%,其现金流量(投资与效益)见下表º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>现金流量表º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>年º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
末º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 折现系数º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
(P/F,10%,n)º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 方案Aº{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 方案Bº{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 投资与º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
利益º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 净现值º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 累计净现º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> 值º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 投资与利º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> 益º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 净现值º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 累计净现º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> 值º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 1º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 0.9091º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | -1 200º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| -2 500º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| 2º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 0.8264º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | -1 500º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| -2 300º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| 3º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 0.7513º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 850º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| 1 500º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| 4º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 0.6830º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 850º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| 1 500º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| 5º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 0.6209º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 850º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| 1 500º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| 6º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 0.5645º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 850º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| 1 500º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| 7º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 0.5132º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 850º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| 1 500º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| 8º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 0.4665º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 850º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| 1 500º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| 9º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 0.4241º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | 850º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| 1 500º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> | º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
| º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>参考系数:º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>[P/A,20%,2]=1.5278º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> [P/A,25%,2]=1.4400º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> [P/A,20%,1]=0.8333º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>[P/A,30%,2]=1.3609º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> [P/A,25%,2]=1.2894º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> [P/A,25%,1]=0.8000º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>[P/A,20%,7]=3.6046º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> [P/A,20%,2]=3.1611º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> [P/A,10%,7]=4.8683º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>[P/A,30%,7]=2.8021º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> [P/A,20%,2]=2.5075º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>[P/A,20%,2]=0.6944º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> [P/A,20%,2]=0.6400º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>[P/A,30%,2]=0.5917º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> [P/A,20%,2]=0.5487º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>[问题]º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>试分别应用如下两种方法,对A、B两方案进行评价和优选。º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>1、净现值法;2、内部收益率法。º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>[参考答案]º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>1、净现值法:º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>NPVA=-1200[P/F,10%,1]-1500[P/F,10%,2]+850[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> =-1200×0.9091-1500×0.8264+850×4.8683×0.8264º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> =1089.17(万元)º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>NPVB=-2500[P/F,10%,1]-2300[P/F,10%,2]+1500[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> =-2500×0.9091-2300×0.8264+1500×4.8683×0.8264º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> =1861.27(万元)º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>两方案的净现值均大于0,作为单方案在经济上都是可行的。º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>但A、B方案相比, NPVB > NPVA,表明B方案的经济效果更好,因此应采用B 方案。º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>2、内部收益率法:º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>根据内部收益率的定义,令NPV=0,求IRR。º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>⑴.求A方案的IRR:º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>NPVA=-1200[P/F,IRRA,1]-1500[P/F,IRRA,2]+850[P/A,IRRA,7][P/F,IRRA,2] º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>①用试算法计算º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>假设IRRA=20%:º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>NPVA=-1200[P/F,20%,1]-1500[P/F,20%,2]+850[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> =86.027(万元)º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>假设IRRA=25%:º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>NPVA=-1200[P/F,25%,1]-1500[P/F,25%,2]+850[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> =-200.36(万元)º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>②用插值法求IRRAº{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> IRRA=20%+86.02/(86.02+200.36)×(25%-20%)=21.5%º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>⑵.求B方案的IRR:º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>NPVB=-2500[P/F,IRRB,1]-2300[P/F,IRRB,2]+1500[P/A,IRRB,7][P/F,IRRB,2]º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>①用试算法计算º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>假设IRRB=20%º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>NPVB=-2500[P/F,20%,1]-2300[P/F,20%,2]+1500[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> =74.18(万元)º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>假设IRRB=25%º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>NPVB=-2500[P/F,25%,1]-2300[P/F,25%,2]+1500[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> =-437.34(万元) º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>②用插值法求IRRBº{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d> IRRB=20%+74.18/(74.18+437.34)×(25%-20%)=20.7%º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>因为A、B两方案内部收益率均大于基准收益率ic=10%,说明两个方案作为单方案在经济上是可行的。但两方案相比IRRA > IRRB ,故采用A方案优。 º{=¢®úKbbs.3c3t.com7½²¥½d>
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