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公路监理师工程经济投资方案比选(净现值)计算 [复制链接]

1#
某建设项目有A、B两个投资方案,基准收益率ic=10%,其现金流量(投资与效益)见下表º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

现金流量表º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

折现系数º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

(P/F,10%,nº{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

方案Aº{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

方案Bº{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

投资与º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

利益º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

净现值º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

累计净现º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

投资与利º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

净现值º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

累计净现º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

1º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

0.9091º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

-1 200º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

-2 500º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

2º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

0.8264º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

-1 500º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

-2 300º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

3º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

0.7513º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

850º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

1 500º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

4º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

0.6830º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

850º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

1 500º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

5º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

0.6209º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

850º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

1 500º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

6º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

0.5645º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

850º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

1 500º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

7º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

0.5132º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

850º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

1 500º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

8º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

0.4665º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

850º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

1 500º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

9º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

0.4241º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

850º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

1 500º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>

参考系数:º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[P/A,20%,2]=1.5278º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[P/A,25%,2]=1.4400º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[P/A,20%,1]=0.8333
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[P/A,30%,2]=1.3609º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[P/A,25%,2]=1.2894º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[P/A,25%,1]=0.8000
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[P/A,20%,7]=3.6046º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[P/A,20%,2]=3.1611º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[P/A,10%,7]=4.8683
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[P/A,30%,7]=2.8021º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[P/A,20%,2]=2.5075
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[P/A,20%,2]=0.6944º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[P/A,20%,2]=0.6400
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[P/A,30%,2]=0.5917º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[P/A,20%,2]=0.5487
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[问题]º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
试分别应用如下两种方法,对A、B两方案进行评价和优选。º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
1、净现值法;2、内部收益率法。º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
[参考答案]º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
1、净现值法:º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
NPVA=-1200[P/F,10%,1]-1500[P/F,10%,2]+850[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
=-1200×0.9091-1500×0.8264+850×4.8683×0.8264º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
=1089.17(万元)º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
NPVB-2500[P/F,10%,1]-2300[P/F,10%,2]+1500[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
=-2500×0.9091-2300×0.8264+1500×4.8683×0.8264º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
=1861.27(万元)º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
两方案的净现值均大于0,作为单方案在经济上都是可行的。º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
但A、B方案相比, NPVB > NPVA,表明B方案的经济效果更好,因此应采用B 方案。º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
2、内部收益率法:º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
根据内部收益率的定义,令NPV=0,求IRR。º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
⑴.求A方案的IRR:º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
NPVA-1200[P/F,IRRA,1]-1500[P/F,IRRA,2]+850[P/A,IRRA,7][P/F,IRRA,2] º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
①用试算法计算º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
假设IRRA=20%:º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
NPVA=-1200[P/F,20%,1]-1500[P/F,20%,2]+850[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
=86.027(万元)º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
假设IRRA=25%:º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
NPVA=-1200[P/F,25%,1]-1500[P/F,25%,2]+850[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
=-200.36(万元)º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
②用插值法求IRRAº{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
IRRA
=20%+86.02/(86.02+200.36)×(25%-20%)=21.5%º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
⑵.求B方案的IRR:º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
NPVB=-2500[P/F,IRRB,1]-2300[P/F,IRRB,2]+1500[P/A,IRRB,7][P/F,IRRB,2]º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
①用试算法计算º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
假设IRRB=20%º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
NPVB=-2500[P/F,20%,1]-2300[P/F,20%,2]+1500[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
=74.18(万元)º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
假设IRRB=25%º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
NPVB=-2500[P/F,25%,1]-2300[P/F,25%,2]+1500[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
=-437.34(万元) º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
②用插值法求IRRBº{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
IRRB
=20%+74.18/(74.18+437.34)×(25%-20%)=20.7%º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
因为A、B两方案内部收益率均大于基准收益率ic=10%,说明两个方案作为单方案在经济上是可行的。但两方案相比IRRA > IRRB ,故采用A方案优。 º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
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2#

值得学习啊º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
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3#

赶紧来看看学习了º{=¢ ®úKbbs.3c3t.com7­½²¥½d>
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