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发表于 2014-09-19 22:10
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某建设项目有A、B两个投资方案,基准收益率ic=10%,其现金流量(投资与效益)见下表\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{现金流量表\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{年\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
末\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 折现系数\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
(P/F,10%,n)\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 方案A\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 方案B\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 投资与\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
利益\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 净现值\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 累计净现\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ 值\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 投资与利\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ 益\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 净现值\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 累计净现\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ 值\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 1\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 0.9091\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | -1 200\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| -2 500\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| 2\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 0.8264\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | -1 500\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| -2 300\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| 3\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 0.7513\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 850\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| 1 500\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| 4\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 0.6830\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 850\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| 1 500\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| 5\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 0.6209\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 850\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| 1 500\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| 6\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 0.5645\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 850\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| 1 500\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| 7\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 0.5132\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 850\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| 1 500\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| 8\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 0.4665\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 850\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
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| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| 9\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 0.4241\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | 850\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| 1 500\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ | \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
| \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{参考系数:\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{[P/A,20%,2]=1.5278\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ [P/A,25%,2]=1.4400\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ [P/A,20%,1]=0.8333\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{[P/A,30%,2]=1.3609\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ [P/A,25%,2]=1.2894\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ [P/A,25%,1]=0.8000\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{[P/A,20%,7]=3.6046\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ [P/A,20%,2]=3.1611\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ [P/A,10%,7]=4.8683\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{[P/A,30%,7]=2.8021\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ [P/A,20%,2]=2.5075\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{[P/A,20%,2]=0.6944\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ [P/A,20%,2]=0.6400\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{[P/A,30%,2]=0.5917\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ [P/A,20%,2]=0.5487\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{[问题]\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{试分别应用如下两种方法,对A、B两方案进行评价和优选。\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{1、净现值法;2、内部收益率法。\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{[参考答案]\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{1、净现值法:\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{NPVA=-1200[P/F,10%,1]-1500[P/F,10%,2]+850[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ =-1200×0.9091-1500×0.8264+850×4.8683×0.8264\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ =1089.17(万元)\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{NPVB=-2500[P/F,10%,1]-2300[P/F,10%,2]+1500[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ =-2500×0.9091-2300×0.8264+1500×4.8683×0.8264\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ =1861.27(万元)\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{两方案的净现值均大于0,作为单方案在经济上都是可行的。\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{但A、B方案相比, NPVB > NPVA,表明B方案的经济效果更好,因此应采用B 方案。\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{2、内部收益率法:\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{根据内部收益率的定义,令NPV=0,求IRR。\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{⑴.求A方案的IRR:\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{NPVA=-1200[P/F,IRRA,1]-1500[P/F,IRRA,2]+850[P/A,IRRA,7][P/F,IRRA,2] \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{①用试算法计算\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{假设IRRA=20%:\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{NPVA=-1200[P/F,20%,1]-1500[P/F,20%,2]+850[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ =86.027(万元)\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{假设IRRA=25%:\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{NPVA=-1200[P/F,25%,1]-1500[P/F,25%,2]+850[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ =-200.36(万元)\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{②用插值法求IRRA\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ IRRA=20%+86.02/(86.02+200.36)×(25%-20%)=21.5%\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{⑵.求B方案的IRR:\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{NPVB=-2500[P/F,IRRB,1]-2300[P/F,IRRB,2]+1500[P/A,IRRB,7][P/F,IRRB,2]\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{①用试算法计算\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{假设IRRB=20%\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{NPVB=-2500[P/F,20%,1]-2300[P/F,20%,2]+1500[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ =74.18(万元)\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{假设IRRB=25%\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{NPVB=-2500[P/F,25%,1]-2300[P/F,25%,2]+1500[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ =-437.34(万元) \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{②用插值法求IRRB\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{ IRRB=20%+74.18/(74.18+437.34)×(25%-20%)=20.7%\½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{因为A、B两方案内部收益率均大于基准收益率ic=10%,说明两个方案作为单方案在经济上是可行的。但两方案相比IRRA > IRRB ,故采用A方案优。 \½u®]zKLbbs.3c3t.comµþ,x-ÇÚº¤{
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