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发表于 2014-09-19 22:10
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某建设项目有A、B两个投资方案,基准收益率ic=10%,其现金流量(投资与效益)见下表ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$现金流量表ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$年ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
末ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 折现系数ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
(P/F,10%,n)ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 方案Aì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 方案Bì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 投资与ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
利益ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 净现值ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 累计净现ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ 值ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 投资与利ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ 益ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 净现值ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 累计净现ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ 值ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 1ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 0.9091ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | -1 200ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| -2 500ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| 2ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 0.8264ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | -1 500ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| -2 300ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| 3ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 0.7513ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 850ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| 1 500ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| 4ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 0.6830ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 850ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| 1 500ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| 5ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 0.6209ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 850ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| 1 500ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| 6ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 0.5645ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 850ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| 1 500ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| 7ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 0.5132ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 850ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| 1 500ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| 8ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 0.4665ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 850ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| 1 500ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| 9ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 0.4241ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | 850ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| 1 500ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ | ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
| ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$参考系数:ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$[P/A,20%,2]=1.5278ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ [P/A,25%,2]=1.4400ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ [P/A,20%,1]=0.8333ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$[P/A,30%,2]=1.3609ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ [P/A,25%,2]=1.2894ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ [P/A,25%,1]=0.8000ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$[P/A,20%,7]=3.6046ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ [P/A,20%,2]=3.1611ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ [P/A,10%,7]=4.8683ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$[P/A,30%,7]=2.8021ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ [P/A,20%,2]=2.5075ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$[P/A,20%,2]=0.6944ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ [P/A,20%,2]=0.6400ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$[P/A,30%,2]=0.5917ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ [P/A,20%,2]=0.5487ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$[问题]ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$试分别应用如下两种方法,对A、B两方案进行评价和优选。ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$1、净现值法;2、内部收益率法。ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$[参考答案]ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$1、净现值法:ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$NPVA=-1200[P/F,10%,1]-1500[P/F,10%,2]+850[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ =-1200×0.9091-1500×0.8264+850×4.8683×0.8264ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ =1089.17(万元)ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$NPVB=-2500[P/F,10%,1]-2300[P/F,10%,2]+1500[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ =-2500×0.9091-2300×0.8264+1500×4.8683×0.8264ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ =1861.27(万元)ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$两方案的净现值均大于0,作为单方案在经济上都是可行的。ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$但A、B方案相比, NPVB > NPVA,表明B方案的经济效果更好,因此应采用B 方案。ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$2、内部收益率法:ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$根据内部收益率的定义,令NPV=0,求IRR。ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$⑴.求A方案的IRR:ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$NPVA=-1200[P/F,IRRA,1]-1500[P/F,IRRA,2]+850[P/A,IRRA,7][P/F,IRRA,2] ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$①用试算法计算ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$假设IRRA=20%:ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$NPVA=-1200[P/F,20%,1]-1500[P/F,20%,2]+850[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ =86.027(万元)ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$假设IRRA=25%:ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$NPVA=-1200[P/F,25%,1]-1500[P/F,25%,2]+850[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ =-200.36(万元)ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$②用插值法求IRRAì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ IRRA=20%+86.02/(86.02+200.36)×(25%-20%)=21.5%ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$⑵.求B方案的IRR:ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$NPVB=-2500[P/F,IRRB,1]-2300[P/F,IRRB,2]+1500[P/A,IRRB,7][P/F,IRRB,2]ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$①用试算法计算ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$假设IRRB=20%ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$NPVB=-2500[P/F,20%,1]-2300[P/F,20%,2]+1500[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ =74.18(万元)ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$假设IRRB=25%ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$NPVB=-2500[P/F,25%,1]-2300[P/F,25%,2]+1500[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ =-437.34(万元) ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$②用插值法求IRRBì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$ IRRB=20%+74.18/(74.18+437.34)×(25%-20%)=20.7%ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$因为A、B两方案内部收益率均大于基准收益率ic=10%,说明两个方案作为单方案在经济上是可行的。但两方案相比IRRA > IRRB ,故采用A方案优。 ì¢ì
·`gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
|