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公路监理师工程经济投资方案比选(净现值)计算 [复制链接]

1#
某建设项目有A、B两个投资方案,基准收益率ic=10%,其现金流量(投资与效益)见下表좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

现金流量表좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

折现系数좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

(P/F,10%,n좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

方案A좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

方案B좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

投资与좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

利益좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

净现值좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

累计净现좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

投资与利좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

净现值좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

累计净现좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

1좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

0.9091좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

-1 200좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

-2 500좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

2좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

0.8264좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

-1 500좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

-2 300좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

3좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

0.7513좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

850좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

1 500좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

4좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

0.6830좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

850좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

1 500좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

5좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

0.6209좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

850좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

1 500좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

6좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

0.5645좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

850좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

1 500좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

7좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

0.5132좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

850좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

1 500좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

8좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

0.4665좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

850좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

1 500좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

9좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

0.4241좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

850좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

1 500좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$

参考系数:좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[P/A,20%,2]=1.5278좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[P/A,25%,2]=1.4400좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[P/A,20%,1]=0.8333
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[P/A,30%,2]=1.3609좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[P/A,25%,2]=1.2894좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[P/A,25%,1]=0.8000
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[P/A,20%,7]=3.6046좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[P/A,20%,2]=3.1611좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[P/A,10%,7]=4.8683
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[P/A,30%,7]=2.8021좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[P/A,20%,2]=2.5075
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[P/A,20%,2]=0.6944좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[P/A,20%,2]=0.6400
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[P/A,30%,2]=0.5917좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[P/A,20%,2]=0.5487
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[问题]좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
试分别应用如下两种方法,对A、B两方案进行评价和优选。좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
1、净现值法;2、内部收益率法。좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
[参考答案]좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
1、净现值法:좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
NPVA=-1200[P/F,10%,1]-1500[P/F,10%,2]+850[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
=-1200×0.9091-1500×0.8264+850×4.8683×0.8264좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
=1089.17(万元)좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
NPVB-2500[P/F,10%,1]-2300[P/F,10%,2]+1500[P/A,10%,7][P/F,10%,2]좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
=-2500×0.9091-2300×0.8264+1500×4.8683×0.8264좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
=1861.27(万元)좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
两方案的净现值均大于0,作为单方案在经济上都是可行的。좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
但A、B方案相比, NPVB > NPVA,表明B方案的经济效果更好,因此应采用B 方案。좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
2、内部收益率法:좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
根据内部收益率的定义,令NPV=0,求IRR。좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
⑴.求A方案的IRR:좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
NPVA-1200[P/F,IRRA,1]-1500[P/F,IRRA,2]+850[P/A,IRRA,7][P/F,IRRA,2] 좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
①用试算法计算좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
假设IRRA=20%:좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
NPVA=-1200[P/F,20%,1]-1500[P/F,20%,2]+850[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
=86.027(万元)좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
假设IRRA=25%:좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
NPVA=-1200[P/F,25%,1]-1500[P/F,25%,2]+850[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
=-200.36(万元)좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
②用插值法求IRRA좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
IRRA
=20%+86.02/(86.02+200.36)×(25%-20%)=21.5%좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
⑵.求B方案的IRR:좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
NPVB=-2500[P/F,IRRB,1]-2300[P/F,IRRB,2]+1500[P/A,IRRB,7][P/F,IRRB,2]좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
①用试算法计算좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
假设IRRB=20%좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
NPVB=-2500[P/F,20%,1]-2300[P/F,20%,2]+1500[P/A,20%,7][P/F,20%,2]좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
=74.18(万元)좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
假设IRRB=25%좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
NPVB=-2500[P/F,25%,1]-2300[P/F,25%,2]+1500[P/A,25%,7][P/F,25%,2]좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
=-437.34(万元) 좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
②用插值法求IRRB좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
IRRB
=20%+74.18/(74.18+437.34)×(25%-20%)=20.7%좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
因为A、B两方案内部收益率均大于基准收益率ic=10%,说明两个方案作为单方案在经济上是可行的。但两方案相比IRRA > IRRB ,故采用A方案优。 좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
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2#

值得学习啊좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
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3#

赶紧来看看学习了좐셷`‹gbbs.3c3t.coms(¥{¼³ÃÙ$
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