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监理工程师考试公路工程道路与桥梁模拟试题七

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一、  单选题（10题/10分）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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1．监理工程师是_______________。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.业主利益的代表               B.独立的第三方              C.承包商的代言人üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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2．驻地监理工程师代表的工作，应直接对___________负责。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.业主                 B.监理工程师         C.承包商            D.分包商üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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3.监理工程师进行施工质量控制时，应及时发现事故的苗头和潜在的质量隐患，以便及时采取强有力的控制措施。对于隐蔽工程一类的施工，采用_________的质量监控手段更为重要。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.规定质量监控工作程序        B.指令性文件        C.巡查         D.旁站监督üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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4．第一次工地会议，必须在________举行。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.监理单位进场前              B.工程开工前               C.工程开工后üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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5．工程监理比工程质量监督________强。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.权威性                 B.执法性            C.监督性            D.技术服务性üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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6．石灰稳定类基层中石灰剂量是指：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.石灰质量/干土质量          B.石灰质量/干土质量＋石灰质量  C.石灰质量/湿土质量＋石灰质量üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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7．以下是细度模数Mx值，属于细砂的是：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.3.7-3.1                     B.3.0-2.3      C.2.2-1.6 üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
8．国产贝雷其桁节用16锰钢，销子用铬锰钛钢，插销用弹簧钢制造，焊条用T505X型，桥门板和护轮木用松木或衫木，材料的容许应力按基本应力提高_______，个别钢质杆件超上述规定时，不得超过其屈服点的_____________。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.  30%   85％                                          B.  35%   75% üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
C.40%    80%                                           D.50%     50% üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
9．先张法预应力筋，采用粗钢筋时的张拉程序为：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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持荷5min üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A. 0→初应力→（105%）σK            (9      （90%）σK  →σK (锚固) 持荷5min üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
B. 0→初应力→（90%） σK                   （105%）σK→σK (锚固) 持荷5min üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
C. 0→初应力→（110%）σK                 （105%）σK→σK (锚固) 持荷5min üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
D. 0→初应力→（80%） σK                 （110%）σK→σK (锚固)

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10．砂浆强度试件标准尺寸为：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A. 50mm×50mm×50mm                               B. 60mm×60mm×60mm üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
C. 70mm×70mm×70mm                               D. 70.7mm×70.7mm×70.7mm üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
二、  多选题（40题/40分）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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1．路基路面的稳定性与哪些因素有关：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.地理条件         B.地质条件         C.气候条件            D.土的类别üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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2．特殊土主要包括：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.黄土             B.膨胀土           C.红粘土              D.盐渍土üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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3．路面结构层一般划分为三个层次，即：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.底基层           B.面层             C.垫层                 D.基层üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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4．路基横断面的典型形式为：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.路拱             B.路堤              C.路槽          D.路堑        E.填挖结合üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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5．路基施工的准备工作，内容较多，大致可归纳为： üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.组织准备工作         B.技术准备工作       C.物质准备工作       D.管理准备工作üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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6．纯碎石材料是按嵌挤原则产生强度，它的抗剪强度主要决定于剪切面上的法向应力和材料内摩阻角。由下列因素构成：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.粒料表面的相互滑动摩擦；                    B.因剪切时体积膨胀而需克服的阻力；üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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C.因粒料重新排列而受到的阻力；                D.内摩阻力üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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7．无机结合料稳定材料的力学特性包括: üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.应力－应变关系      B.疲劳特性          C.收缩特性üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
8．影响水泥稳定土强度的因素为：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.土质             B.水泥的成分和剂量           C.含水量         D.施工工艺过程üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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9．乳化沥青碎石混合料适用做________公路的沥青面层。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.一级             B.高速             C.三级             D.二级          E.四级üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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10．热拌沥青混合料的压实机械应符合下列规定：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.双轮钢筒式压路机为6-8t                   B.三轮钢筒式压路机为8-12t或12-15t üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
C.轮胎压路机为6-8t                         D.轮胎压路机为12-20t或20-25t üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
11．高速公路的路面排水一般由________等组成。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.路肩排水                      B.截水沟排水                   C.排水沟排水        üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
D.中央分割带排水                E.路面表面渗入水的排除üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
12．我国沥青路面的设计规范中的沥青路面抗滑性能标准有：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.横向力系数SFC                                     B.构造深度TC          üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
C.摆值Fb(BPN)                                       D.石料磨光值（PSV）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
13．桥梁施工与设计有着十分密切的关系，特别对于体系复杂的桥梁，往往不能一次按图完成结构施工，因此考虑设计方案时，要考虑施工的___________。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.可能性                   B.经济行           C.合理性 D.安全性                   E.美观性üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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14．结合我国当前的施工水平，在桥梁施工中存在的主要问题有：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A. 提高施工队伍的素质，要培养一批技术熟练、应变能力强的施工技术专业人员；üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
B. 提高施工监理队伍的素质，要培养一批技术熟练、应变能力强的施工监理技术专业人员；üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
C. 组织专业化施工，使技术力量、机具设备得到充分的利用；üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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D. 加强施工的科学管理，使工程质量、施工期限、工程造价处于最佳状态。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
15．测量桥轴线长度的方法，通常采用__________。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.光电测距法             B.三角网法            C.切线支距法        D.直接丈量法üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
16．钻孔灌注桩的钻孔方法有：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.冲击法                 B.冲抓法              C.钻进法              D.旋转法üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
17．桩基础混凝土强度不够的原因有：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.未把好材料关                                 B.混凝土配合比选用不当üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
C.水灰比过大                                    D.施工时材料计量不准，拌和不均匀üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
18．大体积砼产生裂缝的原因有：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.收缩裂缝              B.温差裂缝            C.安全性裂缝           D.沉降裂缝üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
19．水泥砼路面通病的外观特征主要有：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.纵横向裂缝            B.露骨              C.网裂                  D.起皮üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
20．砌石结构剥落开裂形成的原因有：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A.砌石材质不合格                                         B.砌石工程砂浆强度不够üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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C.防护工程勾缝质量不够                                   D.砌体的稳定性不够üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
21．招标单位应具备的条件üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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A. 具有法人资格或依法成立的组织üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
B. 具有与招标工程相适应的经济、技术和管理人员；üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
C. 具有编制投标文件和标底的能力üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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D. 具有对投标单位进行资格审查的能力üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
E.  具有组织开标、评标和定标的能力üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
22．影响工程质量因素的控制中，对人的控制的目的在于（）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.避免人的失误                           B.全面提高人的素质，以适应工程的需要üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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C.仅于对影响工程质量的因素进行综合控制üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
D.调动人的主观能动性，以使用人的工作质量去保证工程的质量üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
F. 预防为主、防止质量事故的发生üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
23．施工全过程的质量控制包括（）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.对投入的物质资源的质量控制                    B.对原材料的质量检验üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
C.工程质量评定及验收                            D.隐蔽工程验收üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
E.施工安装工艺过程的质量控制                    F.对工程产出品的质量控制üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
24．监理工程师现场进行质量检查的方法有（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.旁站法      B.目测法   C.预留试件法    D.量测法 E.试验法      F.抽查法üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
25．工序质量控制的主要内容包括（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.确定工序质量控制流程                          B.主动控制工序活动条件üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
C.及时检验工序质量                              D.设置工序质量控制点üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
E.控制关键工序操作                              F.控制常见的质量通病üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
26．监理工程师对承包商的现场工作进行监管检查的重点是（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.设备使用情况    B.施工人员情况 C.工程质量情况      D.材料使用情况 E.文明施工，安全生产情况 üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
27．施工阶段监理人员对单位工程质量控制的依据有（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.合同文件                     B.设计图纸                C.专业技术性法规和规定üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
D.公路工程质量检验评定标准üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
28．质量控制的因果分析图又称（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.特征要素图                  B.鱼刺图    C.树枝图       D.相关图         E.管理图üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
29．工程质量事故的特点是（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.复杂性               B.多发性           C.可变性  D.严重性               E.时效性üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
30．对工程质量事故的发生，监理工程师也要承担间接监控责任，因为监理工程师对工程质量具有（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.事前介入权   B.事中检查权    C.事后验收权 D.质量否决权   E.事故处理权üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
31．施工图纸的审查应特别注意各专业图纸之间的（）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.错           B.多        C.漏       D.重       E.碰        F.缺üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
32．工程设计阶段，监理工程师的审核工作包括（）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.审核设计纲要                    B.审核设计方案             C.审核设计图纸资料üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
D.审核工程估算、概算                        E.审核主要设备及材料清单üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
33．（ ）是评价项目施工质量的依据üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.质量检验评定标准                              B.合同文件üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
C.设计文件                                      D.质量数据üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
E.工程验收资料                                  F.质量评定资料üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
34．现场进行质量检查的量测法可归纳为（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.看         B.量       C.模       D.           E.敲         F.吊üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
35．监理工程师对施工方案质量控制时，应遵循的原则有（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A．全面分析，综合考虑                           B.充分调动人地方积极性÷ üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
C.力求方案技术可行，经济合理                    D.有利于实现三大控制üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
E.便于施工组织与管理üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
36．施工过程中质量控制的主要工作是（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.进行预控                     B.进行预检                C.以工序控制为核心üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
D.设置质量预控点               E.严格质量检查üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
37．根据抽样检验所得的一组大量数据，在统计分析计算得出的各种质量数据特征值中，表示和反映质量数据的离散程度的有（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.中位值          B.标准差或标准偏差      C.变异系数 D.平均值         E.极差üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
38．直方图呈正态分布时，为了得到更多的信息，可求样本的（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.平均值                     B.中位数                    C.标准偏差üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
D.极值                       E.变异系数         üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
39．工程质量施工的处理，必须具备的资料包括（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.事故发生的情况                                     B.与事故有关的施工图üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
C.与施工有关的资料                                   D.事故的教训总结üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
E.事故调查分析报告üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
40．施工阶段监理工程师投资控制的主要工作内容有（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
A.签署工程付款凭证                                      B.审查工程结算üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
C.审查施工技术方案和施工进行计划          D.编制施工组织计划执行工程承包合同üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
三、判断题（10题/10分）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
1．监理工程师事根据监理单位同施工单位签定的合同实施工程监理的。（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
2．业主授予监理工程师的权利中，以工程款项支付与结算上的签认权与否决权最为重要。（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
3．监理实施细则能够起到为监理单位承揽监理业务的作用。（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
4．根据有关规定，审核并签署工程款项支付凭证的是投资控制监理工程师。（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
5．第一次工地会议主要是监理工程师检查承包商的施工准备情况。（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
6．工程项目实施中，监理、业主、承包商三方之间来往的正式函件对各方都具有约束力。（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
7．公路工程施工监理就是对工程项目的施工质量实施全方位、全过程的监督和管理。（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
8．工程合同属于经济合同的范畴。（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
9．由承包商自己选择分包商，经监理工程师和业主同意，这种分包称为指定分包商。（ ）

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10．无论采用何种监理评定方法，监理费用均不能在评标中起主导作用。（ ）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
四、  问答题（5题/20分）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
1．什么是公路路基和路面？它们在道路结构中各起什么作用？对他们有哪些要求？üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
2．什么叫标准击实试验和压实度？影响压实效果的主要因素有哪些？üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
3．桥涵和构造物台背填土应注意哪些事项？üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
4．简述沥青混泥土路面试验路段铺筑的目的和检查的内容各是什么？üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
5．什么叫沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料及路面？它具有什么特性？üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
五、  综合分析题（2题/20分）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
1、用后轴重100KN，轮压0.7MPa的黄河车测得某高速公路K162+180～K162+540路段路基顶层得弯沉读数如下表。设计回弹弯沉值为114.5（0.01mm），问：该路段弯沉值是否满足设计标准？

üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î

弯沉测定结果汇总表 

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2、桥头跳车的问题是目前公路桥梁工程中的质量通病。根据你的工作经验，试分析桥头跳车台阶产生的主要原因？üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
答案üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                

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一、  单选题（10题/10分）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
1.B      2.B    3.D    4.B    5.D    6.A    7.C    8.A    9.A    10.D üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
二、  多选题（40题/40分）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
1.ABCD      2.ABCD      3.BCD      4.BDE      5.ABC      6.ABC      7.ABC    üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
8.ABCD      9.CDE       10.ABD     11.ADE     12.ABC     13.ABCDE   14.ACD üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
15.ABD      16.ABD      17.ABCD    18.ABC     19.AB      20.ABC     21.ABDE üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
22.AD       23.AEF      24.ABD     25.ABCD    26.ABC     27.ABCD    28.ABC üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
29.ABCD     30.ABC      31.ABCD    32.ABCDE   33.ACEF    34.BCDE    35.ABC üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
36.BDEF     37.ACD      38.CDE     39.BCE     40.ABC üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
三、  判断题（10题/10分）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
1.×        2.×        3.×        4.√       5.×       6. √ üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
7.×        8.√       9.×        10.√ üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
四、  问答题（5题/20分）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                

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1．答案要点：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
（1）路基是按照路线位置和一定技术要求在原地面上修筑的带状构造物。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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路面是用各种筑路材料分层铺筑在公路路基上供车辆行驶的层状构造物。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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（2）路基的功能是承受路基雨路面结构的自重和有路面传递下来的行车荷载；üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
（3）对路基路面具有以下的要求：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
（a）要求路基路面应结构整体及其各组成部分都具有与行车荷载相适应的承载能力。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
(b) 应具有足够的稳定性，包括温度稳定性、水稳定性、整体稳定性；üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
(c) 应具有足够的耐久性；üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
(d)路面应具有足够的表面平整度；足够的表面抗滑性；üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
2．答案要点：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
（1）以标准击实方法对同一种土质进行击实试验而得到一组几个不同含水量与对应得干密度数据，绘出相应曲线，可求得最大干密度和其相对应得含水量。这组试验就叫标准击实试验。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
压实度实检查路基压实质量得一个指标，此指标以实际测定得干密度除以最大干密度，所得到得比值，以百分比表示。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
（2）(a)含水量：土在一定压实功能作用下，只有当其含水量处于最佳含水量时，才能获得最大干容重。因此，土得含水量是影响土压实得重要因素，土得碾压应控制在接近最夹含水量时进行。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
(b)土质：土类不同，最佳含水量击最大干容重不同；液限和粘度较高得土，最佳含水量较高，最大密度较低；砂性土得压实效果优于粘性土；最佳含水量对砂性土实际得影响较小。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
(c)压实厚度：相同压实条件下（土质、含水量、压实功能不变），密实度随土层深度递减；不同压实工具得有效压实深度有所差异。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
(d) 压实功能（指压实工具得重量、碾压次数货锤落高度、作用时间等）：同一种土得最佳含水量随压实功能得增大而减少，最大干密度随压实功能得增加而提高；在相同含水量条件下，压实功能愈大，土基密实度愈高。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
3．答案要点：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
（1）除设计文件另有规定外，一般应用砂性土或其它渗水性材料填筑。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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（2）填途高度，从路堤顶面起向下计算，冰冻地区一般不小于2.5米，无冰冻地区到高水位，均应填以渗水性途，起余部分可用余路堤相同的土质填筑，并在其上设横向排水盲沟或辅向外倾斜的粘途或胶泥层。同时，在前墙上每隔3米左右设置一个排水孔。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
（3）填土长(宽)度，一般在上部为距翼墙尾端部小于台高加2米，余路堤接触部分，应挖成土质台阶，台阶宽部小于1米。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
（4）填土应分层夯实到设计要求，无要求时压实度部小于95％，每层的夯实厚度不得超过20厘米，桥台背后填土应余锥坡填土同时进行。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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（5）对设在软土地基上的桥台，虽然采取加载填土施工法，排水砂桩法、加实砂桩法、粉喷桩法等施工的应设置桥头墙板，设置桥头墙板的长度应根据设计速度、桥台的形式、填土的高度以及地基的种类等条件而选定。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
4．答案要点üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
1．铺筑的目的：（4分）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
（1）检验承包商提出的施工方案和施工方法的适用性。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
（2）检验拌和、摊铺、压实机械所具有的实际效果。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
(3)检验和确认基层（包括底基层）施工中各道工序的质量控制指标是否达到要求。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
（4）提出质量保证的有效措施及质量检验的试验方法。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
2．检查的内容：试验路段铺筑完毕后，对试验内容应记录、总结并以试验总结报告的形式提交监理工程师，监理工程师应检查以下几项内容：（5分）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
（1）验证生产配合比的合理性，包括：确定目标配合比（矿料级配、沥青最佳用量等）、确定生产配合比（进行试拌）、生产配合比验证（铺筑试验路段）；üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
（2）对拌和设备、摊铺设备、运输设备等进行运转检验；üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
(3)压实机具选型，对压实作业进行验证；üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
(4)决定作业段长度，松铺厚度、压实顺序、压实遍数、压实检查的方法、及如何控制温度等；üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
(5)检查、审批试验路段报告；üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
5．答案要点：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
沥青玛蹄脂碎石路面是指用沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料作面层活抗滑层的路面。沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料（简称SMA）是一间断级配为骨架，用改性沥青、矿粉及木质纤维素组成的沥青玛蹄脂为结合料，经拌和、摊铺、压实而形成的一种构造深度较大的抗滑面层。它具有抗滑耐磨、孔隙率小、抗疲劳、高温抗车辙、低温抗开裂的优点，是一种全面提高密级配沥青混凝土使用质量的新材料，适用于高速公路、一级公路和其它重要公路的表面。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
 五、  综合分析题（2题/20分）üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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1、解题要点üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
解：左轮胎弯沉值＝（左初读数－左初度数）×2 üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
右轮胎弯沉值＝（右初读数－右初度数）×2 üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
计算结果见下表：üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                

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弯沉计算结果汇总表 

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           满足设计要求。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
2、答案要点üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
1．  路基强度不同üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
桥涵、隧道与路基大都是同年平行进行施工的，桥涵是刚性体，其对地基强度一般都有较高的要求，并应进行加固处理，沉降较小或不沉降。而台后填方段地基未进行加固处理，从而使桥台和台后填方产生差异沉降变形以致形成台阶。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
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2．  设计不周üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
设计人员又是对施工过程如何便于碾压考虑不周，对于填料的要求不严格，台后排水考虑欠佳。桥涵结构物两端的路堤，由于过水、跨线或通道的要求，一般填土都较高，低的3m左右，高的可达10m或更高，除了过水的桥涵两侧路堤往往受水浸淹，地基条件较差，设计上对路基断面结构和边坡防护上有所考虑外，其他多数情况对高路堤设计上并无特别的要求，如压实度等指标与一般路堤无异。但由于路堤较高，在填筑以后受到自重和行车荷载的作用，路堤填土必然要产生竖向变形。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
3．  台后填料不当üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
施工时对桥台台后的回填土未能慎重考虑，施工人员用料不当，控制不严，未能达到设计要求。但需特别指出，施工不良比材料不良更易造成构造物台后填料的下沉。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
4．  台后压实不足üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
施工时工期工序安排不合理，施工单位为了减少临时征地的费用，往往将桥头的路基作为预制场，等所有的预制工作完成后，最后填筑桥头填土，以致桥头填土处于工期末期，不能很好地控制台背填土的压实度，致使填料土压实度不能满足设计和施工规范的要求，使填方体产生竖向固结变形，形成较大的工后沉降，在台背与路基连接部造成沉降形成台阶。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
5．  地基浸水软化üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
软弱土地基，湿陷性黄土地基浸水等造成路基沉降。üùÅ`¦-£$Bbbs.3c3t.comwKFÂES"î
                

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