[文章] 浅议水利工程混凝土坝基地质 [复制链接]

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        

浅议水利工程混凝土坝基地质

发布时间：                                                                                                                        2007-9-19 8:58:05    浏览次数：                                                                                                                                47

?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè ?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýÎªè                                                                                                                          风化程度 全风化 强风化 弱风化 微风化 新鲜 岩石风化程度系数 <0.2 0.2~0.4 0.4~0.75 0.75~0.90 >0.9 3．根据点荷载强度指标划分风化带岩石点荷载试验适用于各类岩石，试验时将岩石试样置于两个球端园台之间，利用球端园台状加荷器施加点荷载，直至试件破坏。记录和量测试样破坏时的极限压力P（N）和加荷点间距离D（cm），计算点荷载强度IS（MPa）：?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè ?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè P?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè IS=?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè D2(5.3.1-2)?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 　　式中IS为未经修正的岩石点荷载强度（MPa）。并求出相当于标准直径50mm时点荷载强度IS（50）。换算方法参见GB/T50266-99《工程岩体试验方法标准》（国标）及GB50218-94《工程岩体分级标准》（国标）。本法测定风化岩石强度，并用来划分岩体风化分带，简捷、经济，可直接在现场或室内进行，值得推广应用。现将一些研究者根据点荷载强度划分岩体风化带标准，见表5.3.1-5。?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 表5.3.1-5 据点荷载强度指标划分岩体风化带的界限值（据陆兆溱2001.10）?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 研究者 岩石名称 指标名称 岩体风化程度 全风化 强风化 弱（中）风化 微风化 新鲜 T.Y.伊凡 花岗岩 IS（MPa） <0.1 0.1~4 4~6 6~10 >10 崔冠英 花岗岩 点荷载抗拉强度（MPa） <1.0 1.0~5.0 5.0~8.0 8.0~10 >10 陆兆溱等 混合花岗岩，混合花岗片麻岩 IS（50）（MPa） <1.0 1~5 5~8 8~12 >12 水电部华东院 闽浙花岗岩 IS（MPa） <1.0 1~5 5~9 9~11 >11 三峡工程 闪云斜长花岗岩 IS（MPa） ?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè <1 弱上1~3弱下3~7 7~9 >9 胡敏慧 结晶片岩 片理IS（MPa） 0.08 0.4~2.0 4.1~6.0 7.2 ?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 　4．根据波速比和标准贯入试验击数划分风化带波速比即波速衰减系数，表达式为?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè ?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè Vpw?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè KV=?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè Vpf(5.3.1-3) ?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 　　式中：Vpw、Vpf分别为风化岩体和新鲜岩体纵波速度（m/s），KV为波速比。《岩土工程勘察规范》《水利水电工程地质勘察规范》中应用波速比KV和风化系数Kf给定各风化分带的特征值，见表5.3.1-6。对花岗岩类岩体，可用标准贯入试验击数N63.5划分残积土和全、强风化带。见表5.3.1-6。?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 表5.3.1-6 岩石按风化程度分类标准?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 岩石?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 类别?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 风化程度?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 风化程度划分参数?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 压缩波速度υp?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè (m/s)?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 波速比?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè Kv?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 风化系数?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè Kf?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 标贯击数?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè N63.5?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 点荷载强度Is(50)（MPa）?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 动弹模Ed?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè (×103MPa)?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 硬质?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 岩石?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 新鲜（未风化）?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè >5000?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 0.9~1.0?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 0.9~1.0?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè -?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè >12?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè >36?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 微风化?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 4000~5000?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 0.8~0.9?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 0.8~0.9?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè -?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 8~12?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 18~36?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 中等风化?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 2000~4000?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 0.6~0.8?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 0.4~0.8?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè -?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 5~8?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 8~18?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 强风化?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 1000~2000?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 0.4~0.6?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè <0.4?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè ≥50?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 1~5?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 2~8?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 全风化?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 500~1000?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 0.2~0.4?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè -?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 50>N≥30?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè <1?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè <2?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 残积土?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè <500?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè <0.2?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè -?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè <30?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè ?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè ?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 软质岩石?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 新鲜（未风化）?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè >4000?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 0.9~1.0?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 0.9~1.0?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè ?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè ?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè ?†Ì«>²›¶Ôbbs.3c3t.comÃFp×5ýΪè 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